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KORONOFAYRUS IYO CUDURKA COVID-19

W/Q Dr. Axmed Xuseen Ciise

Waa Maxay Koronafayrus?

Marka hore aynu ku horrayno fayrusku wuxuu yahay. Ilma-aragtada nololayda ah waxa si kooban loogu qaybiyaa sadeex; Fungi, Backteria iyo Fayrus. Fayruska ayaa ugu sii yaryar saddexdaa oon xataa microscope-ka caadiga ah lagu arki karin, sidoo kale halka labada kale kelidood u tarmi karaan, faryusku keli ma tarmi karo, waxay u baahan yihiin inay unug kale oo nool (sida unugyada dadka, xoolaha, dhirtaa ama bakteriayada) dhexgalaan halkaasna ku tarmaan. Unugyada nololayda kale waxay leeyihiin dhaxal abuurka loo yaqaan DNA iyo maadadda kale ee u dhow ee RNA loo yaqaan oo iyadu inoo samaysa proteinska aan la’aantood la noolaan karin. Fayruska ama RNA bay leeyihiin ama DNA, ma wada laha labadaba. Sidaa daraadeed waxa loo qaybiyaa faryuska laba –––RNA ama DNA fayrus.
Koronofayrusku waa RNA fayrus. Waxayna ka mid tahay qayb balaadhan oo loo yaqaan Nidovirales. Jirataankkoda waxa la ogaaday 1960kii. Waxa laga helaa xayawaanka, xoolaha iyo dadkaba. Hore waxaynu u ogayn afar dadka ku dhaca oo kala ahaa HCoV 229E, HCoV 043, HKU1 AND NL63 (2006) oo intuba duriga caadiga ah (common cold) sababa. Hana la kala saaro duriga caadiga iyo cudurka loo yaqaan influenza ama flu oo badiyaa ka xoog badan. Duriga ama common cold waxa sababa caadi ahaan Rhinofayruses halka flu ka ay sababaan Influenza fayruses. Afarta kronofayrus ee aan kor ku sheegaynaya waxay sababaan duriga caadiga ah ama marmar Bronchitis. Waxa laga yaabaa qof wal oo waayeel ah in nololishiisa uu la kulmay afartaa koronofaryus in ka mid ah.

Qarnigan aynu ku jirno bilowgiisii waxa inaga soo krodhay saddex koronofayrus oo kale oo intuba ka soo boodeen xawayaan ama xoolo (zoonotic baa markaa loo yaqaan). Horantii 2003kii waxa dad qaadeen cudur neef mareenada ku dhaca oo loo bixiyey Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) waxana sababay koronfayrus ka soo booday Civet cats, waa xayawaan xoorka u dhow. Koronofayruskaa waxa loo bixiyey SARS-CoV. Sanadkii 2012 waxa lagu arkay dalka Saudi Arabia fayrsus kale oo iyanna sababta cudur isna neef mareenada wax yeela oo isna loo malaynayo inuu ka yimid xoolaha geela iyo fiidmeerta. Cudurkaana waxa loo bixiey Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome ama MERS, fayruskiina waxa loo bixiyey MRRS-CoV.
Lixdaa Koronofayrus ee imika dadka ku dhaca waxa ku soo biiryey mid todobaad oo ah tan imika dunidii wada saamaysay oo laga helay bishii December 2019 gobolka Hubei magaaladiisa Wuhan ee China. Faryuskan markaa cusubaa oo loo bixiyey novel coronoviurus ama koronofayrus cusub waxa la ogaaday in dhaxal abuurkeeda iyo kii hore ee SARS-CoV ay aad isugu dhow yihiin waxa markaa loo bixiyey SARS-CoV-2 hase yeeshee sidii labada cudur aan la isugu khaldin ayaa cudurka cusub loo bixiyey Coronovirus Infectious Disease-2019 ama COVID-19. Fayruskii cusbaana waxay noqotay tii todobaad ee dadka ku dhacda. Weli lama oga dhab ahaan xayawaankay ka soo booday, in kasta oo loo malaynayo inay fiidmeerta ka timid.
Sidaybuu dadka ugu dhacaa:
Sida uu doonaba dadka ha ku soo gaadho ee imika waxa isqaadsiin kara dadka. Qofka qabaa markuu qufaco, hindhiso ama isaga oon midna samayn wuxuu soo raaci karaa neeftaa ka oo baxda faryruska oo markaa dhibco (droplets) yar yar ah. Qofka aan qabini ama toos bu hawada uga qaadi karaa ama haddii uu taabtay meel dhibicdii fayrusku taalo oo markaa gaadhsiiyo dibnihiisa, sankiisii iyo afkiisa. Koronofayrusku hawada toos uma raaco sida fayruska kale ee measles loo u yaqaan markaa dadka kala fog ma isqaadsiin karaan.
Markaa waxa kala qaada labada qof ee isu dhow ama istaabta sida gacan qaadka oo kale oo haddii qof qabaa gacantiisa ku qufaco ama si kaleba ay gacantiisu fayruska u sidato qofka gacan qaadaa uu isna qaadayo haddii isna wajigiisa gaadhsiiyo fayruskii, ama haddii qofkii qabay kaga tago tusaala ahaan miisaska dushooda oo dadka kalena taabtaan.
MARKAA HALKAAS BAYNU KA FAHMI KARNAA SIDII LA ISKAGA DIFAACAYEY:
• Ha la kala fogaado… Social Space—- ilaa 6 cagood inta ugu yar.
• Marwal oo aad wax taabataba gacmaahaaga ku mayd saaboon 20 ilbidiqsi ugu yaraan.
• Caadayso inaanad wajigaaga afkaaga ama sankaaga taaban. Caadi ahaan qof walba intaa wuxuu sameeyaa saacaddii 23 jeer, maaha wax fudud.
• Haddii aad yeelato calamadihiisa hoos ku xusan, Khasab iskaga dhig inaad ka foogaato dadka kale xataa gurigaaga isku khasabto inaan laguu soo dhowaan ilaa la hubinayo.
• Qofka qaba ama shakiyaa waa inuu xidhaa MASKA loo yaqaan surgical mask si uu dadka kale uga ilaaliyo.

Weli ma arkayo meelo ama xarumo si gaar ah loogu talogalay hubinta cudurkan qofka qaba. Nidaamku waxa weeye in qofka iska shakiyaa iaanu tegin xarumaha caafimaadka ee caadiga ah ee uu tago meelo loogu talogalay—si aan bukaanka kale u gudbin.
Waa Maxay Cudurkani iyo Calaaamadahiisu?
Qofka qaada COVID-19 waxa uu yeelan karaa;
1-Cabud iyo duuf sanka ah.
2. cunna xanuun
3- qufac aan xaako lahayn (dry cough)
4- Xumad
5- Daal
Haddii uu sii xumaado
• Neefta oo qabata
• Waxaanu ku dambayn karaa pneumonia ama OOF.
Boqolkiiba sideedtan (80%) waxa laga yaabaa inaanay waxba dareemin ama xanuun fudud oo aan u baahan ba dhakhtar. Laakiin dadka kale way qaadsiin karaan.
In kasta oo aanay dawo jirin la siiyaa haddanna sida hargabka looga hortago ayaa inta badan ku filan:
• Biyaha oo aad badsato
• Xumad jabin (caruurta ha siin aspirin), dhakhaatiir fransiis ah waxay leeyihiin yaa
• n la qaadan ibuprofen iyo kuwa la mid ka ah ee ha la qaato Acetaminophen (Paracetomol, Tylonol).
• Ku luqluqo biyo diiran oo milix leh si cunna xanuunka u yaraado.

FIIRO GAAR AH:
Ilaa imika dadka waayeelka 60 sano ka wayn ayaa ugu badan dadka uu khatarta u leeyahay siiba inta caafimaad daro kale la daris ah sida wadna xanuun, dhiiq kar, macaan (diabetes) iyo sanbab xanuun. Waxa kale oo raaca dadka sigaarka cabba ee laga yaabo sanbabkoodu inaanu marka horeba fayoobayn.

Dr. Axmed Xuseen Ciise
Guddoomiyaha Abaarso Tech University
Phd, Immunology and Infectious Diseases
From the Johns Hopkins University
Also MSc, Microbiology and Immunology and a Bachelors in Chemistry and Microbiology

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